Bone resorption and environmental exposure to cadmium in women: A population study

Summary

BACKGROUND: Environmental exposure to cadmium decreases bone density indirectly through hypercalciuria resulting from renal tubular dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: We sought evidence for a direct osteotoxic effect of cadmium in women. METHODS: We randomly recruited 294 women (mean age, 49.2 years) from a Flemish population with environmental cadmium exposure. We measured 24-hr urinary cadmium and blood cadmium as indexes of lifetime and recent exposure, respectively. We assessed the multivariate-adjusted association of exposure with specific markers of bone resorption, urinary hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP) and lysylpyridinoline (LP), as well as with calcium excretion, various calciotropic hormones, and forearm bone density. RESULTS: In all women, the effect sizes associated with a doubling of lifetime exposure were 8.4% (p = 0.009) for HP, 6.9% (p = 0.10) for LP, 0.77 mmol/day (p = 0.003) for urinary calcium, -0.009 g/cm(2) (p = 0.055) for proximal forearm bone density, and -16.8% (p = 0.065) for serum parathyroid hormone. In 144 postmenopausal women, the corresponding effect sizes were -0.01223 g/cm(2) (p = 0.008) for distal forearm bone density, 4.7% (p = 0.064) for serum calcitonin, and 10.2% for bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. In all women, the effect sizes associated with a doubling of recent exposure were 7.2% (p = 0.001) for urinary HP, 7.2% (p = 0.021) for urinary LP, -9.0% (p = 0.097) for serum parathyroid hormone, and 5.5% (p = 0.008) for serum calcitonin. Only one woman had renal tubular dysfunction (urinary retinol-binding protein > 338 mu g/day). CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of renal tubular dysfunction, environmental exposure to cadmium increases bone resorption in women, suggesting a direct osteotoxic effect with increased calciuria and reactive changes in calciotropic hormones.

Informations complémentaires

:	Accès restreint
Publication Date :	2008
:	UCL
Document type :	Article de périodique (Journal article) - (Article de recherche)
Source :	“Environmental Health Perspectives” - Vol. 116, no. 6, p. 777-783 (2008)
Peer-reviewed :
Publisher :	Us Dept Health Human Sciences Public Health Science (Res Triangle Pk)
issn :	0091-6765
e-issn :	1552-9924
Publication status :	Publié
Subject :	bone ; cadmium ; pyridinium crosslinks

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